While undergoing fertility testing for women, the majority of patients will be subjected to a series of basic tests and procedures. Some of these tests can play a more important role than others, depending on your personal medical background and condition.
Because sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are the most common cause of female (also male) factor infertility, your doctor will most likely check your cervix for the presence of viral or bacterial infections during your first pelvic examination. This test is typically performed with a cotton swab-like device and is not painful. Fertility testing for women includes evaluation for chlamydia, gonorrhea, mycoplasma genitalium, ureaplasma urealyticum, and other pathogens.
During female fertility testing, your fertility doctor will take a blood sample and analyze it for hormones and other factors. Your blood will typically be drawn on day 2, 3, or 4 of your menstrual cycle. More common blood tests you may encounter are: hormone tests (AMH, FSH, LH, progesterone, estradiol, prolactin, and thyroid testing), infectious disease tests (HIV, hepatitis B and C, syphilis, and rubella), and immunologic tests.
The pelvic ultrasound often plays an important role in both fertility testing for women and treatment of infertility issues. For example, pelvic ultrasound can diagnose certain potential issues within your pelvis by identifying a mass or cyst. Ultrasound is also used in the treatment of infertility, such as retrieving eggs for IVF procedure. Your fertility doctor may also estimate the number of remaining eggs. A suitable test is the Antral Follicle Count (AFC).
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While fertility testing for women, your fertility doctor may ask you to keep the BBT chart for a few months. The purpose of the BBT test is to determine whether you are ovulating. It is based on the knowledge that after you ovulate, progesterone hormone levels increase within your bloodstream that causes your temperature to rise, at least a little bit. After a few months, you’ll bring your temperature chart to your fertility doctor and you together will discuss what it means.
Instead of the BBT, your fertility doctor may recommend at home ovulation predictor test during fertility testing for women. Like the BBT, the purpose of this test is to determine whether you are ovulating. It’s based on the knowledge that LH reaches a high level in your urine about 24 to 36 hours prior to ovulation. This urine dipstick test picks up that LH increase in your urine, when you are about to ovulate. Ovulation predictor kits are more accurate than the BBT.
If your doctor recommends an endometrial biopsy test, that means that he / she wants to get a small sample of lining (endometrium) from inside your uterus. During fertility testing for women, the purpose of this test is to determine if and when ovulation occurs. The findings of your endometrial biopsy will include information about your ovulation, the levels of progesterone inside your uterus, and even the precise timing of your menstrual cycle.
With rising obesity rates in the United States and the United Kingdom, it is critical to understand your BMI, or Body Mass Index. Calculating your BMI is a crucial stage in the process of fertility testing for women. Your BMI is a measurement of your weight in relation to your height. It determines whether you are healthy, underweight, overweight, or obese. You can easily calculate your BMI by using the BMI calculator provided below. A healthy BMI range is 18.5-24.9.
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The purpose of the hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is to check for obstructions or growths within your uterus and fallopian tubes. Blocked fallopian tubes, fibroids, adhesions and the like conditions may be diagnosed during the HSG procedure. If your doctor suspects that you have an abnormality in your uterus or fallopian tubes, he / she can suggest you undergo HSG. The HSG is done shortly after you have finished the monthly bleeding cycle.
A hysteroscopy procedure may be prescribed by your doctor to determine whether you have an abnormality within your uterus. The hysteroscope is a small telescope-like device that is inserted into your vagina and cervix and then into your uterus. This test allows the doctor to look inside and make a certain diagnosis of your uterus. Hysteroscopy is often performed in combination with a laparoscopy procedure.
A laparoscopy can be recommended by your fertility doctor at some stages of assisted reproduction treatments. The laparoscope is inserted into your abdomen and then into your abdominal/pelvic cavity through a small incision. When the fertility doctor wants to take a direct look at your abdomen and see your reproductive organs, this surgical procedure is performed. Your doctor may solve some medical problems during the procedure, depending on the circumstances.